Son of a farmer. Joined the Augustinian Order at Valladolid, Spain in 1896 at age 15. Studied at the monastery of Santa Maria of La Vid. Ordained in 1904. Taught theology in seminary. Prior in 1922. Provincial councilor of his Order in the Philippines, responsible for missionary efforts. Provincial-superior of his Order in 1932. Travelled to China, Colombia, Peru and the United States. Bishop of Teruel and Apostolic Administrator of Albarracin in 1935. Known for the depth of his prayer life. When theRepublican Army overran Teruel in 1938, Bishop Polanco stayed with his flock, and refused to cooperate with anything he saw as being against Church interests. Imprisoned for thirteen months. Used as human shield by soldiers. Martyred in the persecutions of the Spanish Civil War.
